智慧农业的发展现状与未来展望

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摘要：为探究我国智慧农业未来发展的目标、任务与政策，本文基于系统工程学视角，阐释了智慧农业的概念与内涵，介绍了国外智慧农业相关战略布局与行动计划，分析了我国智慧农业发展现状、特点以及与国际上的差距，提出了我国智慧农业未来发展目标、重点任务与政策建议。美、德、英、日等国在农业传感器、农业大数据智能、农业智能装备等智慧农业科技领域占据国际前沿；中国在政策引领与规模经营趋势下，常用环境类农业传感器、农业遥感技术、农业无人机、农机北斗导航、农业大数据与智能算法等智慧农业技术研发应用取得了长足进步，部分产品基本实现国产替代。发展智慧农业是“十四五”时期乃至2035年我国农业高质量发展的重要内容，针对我国农田地块细碎化、农业机械化水平不高、农村基础设施薄弱、智慧农业技术有效供给不足、政策体系与市场机制不健全等问题，未来智慧农业的发展亟需在技术攻关、应用示范、政策试验和社会试验等方面共同发力。

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